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Happiness

Money

If you figure out money, life is incredibly easy. If you don’t, life is insanely hard. You don’t need lots of money. But you do need enough, and be able to deal with it.

The simplest way is low overhead and no debt. People who live far below their means enjoy a freedom that people busy upgrading their lifestyles can’t fathom because it’s hard freeing people from the chains they revere.

Not needing wealth is more valuable than wealth itself. The late NYC street  photographer Bill Cunningham treated his independence fiercely. He said “Once people own you, they can tell you what to do. So don’t let ’em. If you don’t take money, they can’t tell you what to do.”

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Happiness Ideas

Snap out of it

People’s worries are endless. “My mother didn’t love me.” “I try to do too much.” “My husband isn’t attracted to me.”  “I’m a success but I’m still alone.” “I can’t leave my house.” “So and so at work avoids me.”

Jerry Seinfeld and a comedian pal were riffing about what happens during most psychotherapy sessions. They speculated on the best  advice the therapist could offer, concluding the best response a therapist should usually give at the end of a session was, “Snap out of it!”

Andy Warhol supposedly said that sometimes people let the same problem make them miserable for years when they could just say, “So what?”

The vast majority of most lives will be boring and not noteworthy. It’s normal and it’s okay. So “Snap out of it.” might be good advice. Or maybe try similar ideas like: move on, so what, or just drop it.

Marcus Aurelius said that you have power over your mind but not external events. If you can abide by that,  you’ll be able to go through life less perturbed.

Not everyone has the privilege of saying “Snap out of it, move on, or so what?” in every situation, but changing your perception about things you have little control over is a powerful tool.

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Happiness

Telluride 12 years later

We returned to Telluride, Colorado in May after a 12 year hiatus.

In many ways it’s the same town I lived in for 13 years before we moved, just more expensive.

Many of the houses are beautifully renovated. They’re so nicely renovated that the renovations could only be afforded to be done by wealthy folks. They’re second homeowners in Telluride because they need to live somewhere else most of the time so they can make enough dough to afford to have a house here.

The result is that some of the neighborhoods are very quiet. You can see lots of stars at night when you walk around because there aren’t many lights on.

There’s always a lead/lag going on with housing and the people interested in living in a beautiful spot. So we’ll have to see how long this predicament goes on. Maybe billionaires will chase out the millionaires. One thing making Telluride so appealing is it’s small size, but the inability to grow also drives up the real estate market.

Telluride is still a great place to live, and we’ll be back next summer.

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Happiness Health

Technology and intermingling

Technology keeps advancing, and the pace just gets faster.

Long ago early hominid tools got smaller, more portable,  were made with materials sourced from farther away, and were decorated with pigments.

Technology has been the same ever since. Things start out big and clunky and they get small and portable.

Around 500,000 years ago in what’s now Kenya the seismic and climatic conditions disrupted food and water sources, encouraging the expansion of early hunter gatherers’ range. This expansion increased the likelihood of intermingling with other groups to and becoming aware of new resources and technologies.

Technology progresses because knowledge is always increasing. We invest in research and development, and no one intentionally replaces a good machine with an inferior one. Plus, workers’ skill levels keep rising because they’re getting more educated.

Inferior technologies sometimes succeed due superior marketing. Remember  VHS vs. Betamax? That’s a rare exception.

This trend seems to occur in nature too. There’s a growing consensus that advanced adaptations such as flying, swimming and gliding, once acquired, are unlikely to be reversed over the course of evolution.

Technology and the rising tide it produces seems to be at the root of people’s lives trending towards “better.” The story of things getting better is a big story that gets missed. In our daily life it’s hard to see the changes for the better that are slowly accumulating. The news generally focuses on what’s getting worse.

Here’s an example of things getting better that doesn’t get noticed.  Extreme global poverty has dropped from 90% just 200 years ago to 10% today. Most news would correctly report that 700 million people are living in extreme poverty. But that it’s being chipped away doesn’t get reported.

Soon, on the individual level, cyclists can look forward to a safer conditions after most cars and trucks are using self-driving technology, the machine drivers are better drivers and will make the roads safer for cyclists and passengers. Technology intermingles in ways we can’t predict.

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Happiness Ideas

Letting convenience decide

There’s a NYT article called “The Tyranny of Convenience” by Tim Wu which I’ve conveniently shortened here.

Convenience seems to decide for us, overriding  what we imagine are our true preferences. It’s like saying, “I prefer brewing my coffee, but Starbucks instant coffee is so convenient that I hardly ever do what I prefer.”

Americans say they prize competition, lots of choices, and the little guy. Yet our taste for convenience begets more convenience. Through a combination of the economics of scale and the power of habit, the easier it is to use Amazon, the more powerful Amazon becomes – and thus the easier it becomes to use Amazon.

Making things easier isn’t wicked and it makes our lives less arduous. But given the growth of convenience as a way of life, it’s worth asking what it’s doing to us and to our country.

Created to free us, convenience can become a constraint by erasing the sort of struggles and challenges that help give meaning to life. When we let convenience decide everything, we surrender too much.

The dream of convenience is premised on the nightmare of physical work. But is physical work always a nightmare? Do we really want to be emancipated from all of it?

The invention of “convenience foods,”  the electric clothes-washing machines, cleaning products, and other marvels including the electric vacuum cleaner, instant cake mix and the microwave oven could be considered convenience milestones.

Sometimes our humanity is expressed in inconvenient actions and time-consuming pursuits. Maybe that’s why there’ve always been those who resist it, resisting out of stubbornness, yes (and because they have the luxury to do so), but also because they see a threat to their sense of who they are, to their feeling of control over things that matter to them.

By the late 1960s, convenience meant conformity. The counterculture was about people’s need to express themselves and to live with nature rather than constantly seeking to overcome its nuisances. Playing the guitar was not convenient. Neither was growing one’s own vegetables. But such things were seen to have value.

Now in the second wave of convenience technologies, convenience is about personal preference with no effort. When you can skip the line and buy concert tickets on your phone, waiting in line to vote in an election seems irritating. Convenient has even trumped free – the iTunes store made buying music even more convenient than illegally downloading it.

We can’t deny making things easier can serve us in important ways, giving us many choices (of restaurants, taxi services, open-source encyclopedias) where we used to have only a few or none. But being a person is only partly about having and exercising choices. It’s also about how we face up to situations thrust upon us, about overcoming worthy challenges and finishing difficult tasks, the struggles that help make us who we are.

What happens to human experience when so many obstacles, requirements, and preparations have been removed?

Convenience is all destination and no journey. Not always, but we need to  embrace the inconvenient more. Because struggle isn’t always a problem. Sometimes struggle is a solution. It can be the solution to the question of who you are.

Embracing inconvenience may sound odd, but we already do it without thinking of it as that. We call them hobbies, avocations, callings, passions. These are the activities that help to define us. They reward us with character because they involve an encounter with meaningful resistance — with nature’s laws, with the limits of our own bodies — as in carving wood, melding raw ingredients, fixing a broken appliance, writing code, timing waves or a runner pushing through pain. Such activities take time.

We shouldn’t forget the joy of doing something slow and something difficult, the satisfaction of not doing what is easiest. The constellation of inconvenient choices may be all that stands between us and a life of total, efficient conformity.

For all its influence as a shaper of individual decisions, the greater power of convenience may arise from decisions made in aggregate, where it is doing so much to structure the modern economy.

Convenience is the most underestimated and least understood force in the world today. In the developed nations of the 21st century, convenience — that is, more efficient and easier ways of doing personal tasks — has emerged as perhaps the most powerful force shaping our individual lives and our economies. This is particularly true in America, where, despite all the paeans to freedom and individuality, one sometimes wonders whether convenience is in fact the supreme value.

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Happiness Ideas

The pre-orgasmic meditator

A long time ago I read about how to refer to a woman who hadn’t experienced an orgasm. She wasn’t “non-orgasmic,”  she was merely  “pre-orgasmic.”

The implication being that the pre-orgasmic woman can, at some point, have one through practice and the right setting.

Sex and meditation are different, but are there any overlaps? Through meditation some people experience heightened sensory states while others just experience an awareness of their thoughts and feelings. So I starting wondering if the second group of meditators might be thought of as meditative version of a pre-orgasmic woman? Maybe with enough time and practice will the big wow, altered states happen?

In meditation, I don’t know if the euphoric sensations are vital, because reaching beneficial altered traits is lasting and more important the temporary altered states.

If a pre-orgasmic woman never had an orgasm before she died but she actually enjoyed sex and felt bonded with her partner, would she have had an unfulfilled life? What’s more important, headlines or trend lines?

Meditation is more often underwhelming because, for me, it’s mostly a sub-perceptual result, but one that accumulates.

You’ll rarely know what states a meditator reaches because the outcome is  internal and personal.

Over the past 2,500 years, Buddhists and others have charted many common mile markers for the inner lives of meditators. But the only real way to verify these altered states and traits is by monitoring a meditator’s brainwaves in a lab.

I don’t know what Steve Jobs level of meditative attainment was, but he said this, “If you just sit and observe, you’ll see how restless your mind is… over time it does calm, and when it does, there’s room to hear more subtle things – that’s when your intuition starts to blossom and you start to see things more clearly and be in the present more. Your mind just slows down, and you see a tremendous expanse in the moment. You see so much more than you could see before.”

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Happiness Ideas

Our economy and our culture

Someone once said, “The task isn’t so much to see what no one has seen, but to think what nobody has yet thought, concerning that which everybody sees.”

Think about this, you could do Richard Branson’s job, most of the time. Most of the time he’s just doing stuff most people could do at work.

His real job is seeing new opportunities, making good decisions, and understanding connections between his audience, his brand, and his ventures.

You could do Warren Buffett’s job, most of the time. Most of the time he’s just reading in his modest office in Omaha. He doesn’t take a lot of meetings or micro-manage his managers.

Once in a while though, he pushes a huge pile of chips across the table  making mostly successful investments in opportunities he sees.

You could do Dave Chappelle’s job, most of the time. Most of the time he’s hanging out in Ohio observing life.

But now and then, he walks out on a stage in front of hundreds of people and has to be funny.

How many more of these folks are out there but haven’t been able to realize there potential because of racism, sexism, and disproportional wealth distribution? Unfortunately, creativity is more broadly distributed than the opportunity to put it to use.

What’s great about this country is that America became the place where the richest consumers buy essentially the same things as the poorest. A Coke is a Coke. You can’t get you a better Coke, all Cokes are the same. Beyonce knows it, the President knows it, the bum on the corner knows it, and you know it.

But what are the tapeworms of the American system? What’s stifling economic competitiveness and impeding a better sense of  American well-being? Workers struggling to make ends meet are a drag on the economy is one. So are opportunities to advance missed because you’re the wrong color, sex, or you’re too poor.

I just saw Dave Chappelle in a routine talking about the problem in the spotlight now – men abusing their power over women (and girls). Dave pointed out that the real problem is systemic not necessarily just bad people.

One point Dave made was, what about rewarding people who come forward to report a wrong or take a stance against something wrong instead of often punishing them? Not everyone has the fortitude or status to come forward, but if more people did and were rewarded for it, the problems wouldn’t be able to fester and hurt more people.

One example Dave gave was how a new South Africa tried to resolve the problem of apartheid by having folks from both sides of the old system come forward and recount their stories. The aim was showing that the system was deeply flawed and the people in it were acting in ways that were promoted by that system.

It comes down to this, if you knew everything about a system and you’d be willing to join in a random place then it’s a fair system. I know it’s not realistic to think 300 and something million hairless monkeys can create a system that fair, but we can do better. Action expresses priorities.

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Happiness Ideas

Keep it simple

Try to keep things simple. For example, find out what you aren’t good at and don’t do that. Or, from Warren Buffett, “Rule #1: Never lose money. Rule #2: Never forget rule #1.”

It boils down to trying to see the situation clearly and not making mistakes.

Believing that people use reasoning when making important decisions sometimes leads to disappointment. Here’s situation I read somewhere:

“If you play a slot machine long enough, eventually you’ll…what?” The whole group yelled out “WIN!” Well actually, everyone’s a loser in the long run, except for the casino.

They confused the benefits of persistence with the actual odds of succeeding.

It’s the same thing for folks playing the lottery, it’s a loser’s game made for people who’re bad at math.

Try to figure out if the game is rigged, and if you’re good, or not, at playing that game.

Categories
Happiness Health

Sleeping

Here’s some highlights on the importance of sleep from an article in The Guardian.

  • After being awake for 19 hours, you’re as cognitively impaired as someone who is drunk.
  • Two-thirds of adults in developed nations fail to obtain eight hours of sleep.
  • If you drive having had only four hours of sleep, you’re 11.5 times more likely to be involved in an accident.
  • To successfully initiate sleep, your core temperature needs to drop about 1C.
  • A hot bath aids sleep because your dilated blood vessels radiate inner heat, and your core body temperature drops.
  • The time taken to reach physical exhaustion by athletes who obtain less than eight hours of sleep, and especially less than six hours, drops by 10-30%.
  • It’s a myth that older adults need less sleep.
  • Morning types, who prefer to awake around dawn, make up about 40% of the population. Evening types, who prefer to go to bed late and wake up late, account for about 30%. The remaining 30% lie somewhere in between.

Matthew Walker is the director of the Center for Human Sleep Science at UC, Berkeley and was formerly a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.

Walker has written “Why We Sleep,”  examining the powerful links between sleep loss and Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity and poor mental health. “No aspect of our biology is left unscathed by sleep deprivation,” he says.

“First, we electrified the night,” Walker says. “Second, our work: not only the porous borders between start and finish, but longer commuter times, too. No one wants to give up time with their family or entertainment, so they give up sleep instead. And anxiety plays a part. We’re a lonelier, more depressed society.”

But Walker also says that in the developed world, sleep is strongly associated with weakness, even shame, “We have stigmatised sleep with the label of laziness.”

More than 20 large scale epidemiological studies all report the clear relationship: the shorter your sleep, the shorter your life. To take just one example, adults aged 45 years or older who sleep less than six hours a night are 200% more likely to have a heart attack or stroke in their lifetime.

By looking at the brainwave patterns of people with different forms of dementia, sleep could be a new early diagnostic litmus test for different subtypes of dementia.

A lack of sleep also appears to hijack the body’s effective control of blood sugar, the cells become less responsive to insulin causing a prediabetic state of hyperglycaemia. When your sleep becomes short you’re susceptible to weight gain. Among the reasons for this are the fact that inadequate sleep decreases levels of the satiety-signalling hormone, leptin, and increases levels of the hunger-signalling hormone, ghrelin. “I’m not going to say that the obesity crisis is caused by the sleep-loss epidemic alone. It’s not. However, processed food and sedentary lifestyles don’t adequately explain its rise. Something’s missing. It’s now clear that sleep is that third ingredient.”

Getting too little sleep across the adult lifespan will significantly raise your risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. In essence it has to do with amyloid deposits (a toxin protein) accumulating in the brains of those suffering from the disease, killing the surrounding cells. During deep sleep, such deposits are effectively cleaned from the brain. Without sufficient sleep, these plaques build up, especially in the brain’s deep-sleep-generating regions, attacking and degrading them. The loss of deep sleep caused by this assault therefore lessens our ability to remove them from the brain at night. More amyloid, less deep sleep; less deep sleep, more amyloid, and so on.

Sleep aids our ability to make new memories, and restores our capacity for learning.

A lack of sleep also affects our mood more generally. Brain scans carried out by Walker revealed a 60% amplification in the reactivity of the amygdala – a key spot for triggering anger and rage – in those who were sleep-deprived.

We sleep in 90-minute cycles, and it’s only towards the end of each one of these that we go into deep sleep. Each cycle comprises two kinds of sleep. First, there is NREM sleep (non-rapid eye movement sleep); this is then followed by REM (rapid eye movement) sleep.

“During NREM sleep, your brain goes into this incredible synchronised pattern of rhythmic chanting,” he says. “There’s a remarkable unity across the surface of the brain, like a deep, slow mantra. Vast amounts of memory processing is going on. To produce these brainwaves, hundreds of thousands of cells all sing together, and then go silent, and on and on. Meanwhile, your body settles into this lovely low state of energy, the best blood-pressure medicine you could ever hope for. REM sleep, on the other hand, is sometimes known as paradoxical sleep, because the brain patterns are identical to when you’re awake. It’s an incredibly active brain state. Your heart and nervous system go through spurts of activity: we’re still not exactly sure why.”

Does the 90-minute cycle mean that so-called power naps are worthless? “They can take the edge off basic sleepiness. But you need 90 minutes to get to deep sleep, and one cycle isn’t enough to do all the work. You need four or five cycles to get all the benefit.”

Walker says, “I give myself a non-negotiable eight-hour sleep opportunity every night, and I keep very regular hours. Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. I take my sleep incredibly seriously because I have seen the evidence.”

How is it possible to tell if a person is sleep-deprived? Walker thinks we should trust our instincts. Those who would sleep on if their alarm clock was turned off are simply not getting enough. Ditto those who need caffeine in the afternoon to stay awake. “I see it all the time,” he says. “I get on a flight at 10am when people should be at peak alert, and I look around, and half of the plane has immediately fallen asleep.”

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Happiness Health Ideas

Assholery

Whatever differences you might have had with President Obama, one thing you couldn’t say about him was that he was an asshole. The same thing goes for the presidents before him.

Now we have President Trump who many,even in his own party, feel is an asshole. Not too presidential unfortunately.

Here’s my shortened version of an interview with a Stanford psychologist about his book on dealing with assholes. It seems timely.

An asshole is someone who leaves us feeling demeaned, de-energized, disrespected, and/or oppressed. In other words, someone who makes you feel like dirt.

An asshole needs someone in their life to tell them they’re being an asshole.

There’s a distinction between temporary and certified assholes. Anyone, under certain conditions, can be a temporary asshole.  It’s more complicated than saying a certified asshole is someone who doesn’t care about other people. Certifiable assholes actually want to make you feel hurt and upset, and take pleasure in that.

Assuming you’re not the CEO and can’t simply fire an asshole, you have to do two things in terms of strategy.

First, you’ve got to build your case and a coalition. A important distinction is that some people are clueless assholes and don’t realize they’re jerks, but maybe they mean well. In that situation, you can have backstage conversations, gently informing them that they’ve crossed a line.

But if it’s one of those Machiavellian assholes who’s treating you badly because they believe that’s how to get ahead,  then you’ve got to get out of there if you can.

Say you have an asshole boss, there’s a power asymmetry, so it’s not as simple as telling him he’s an asshole. What’s your advice?

First, can you quit or transfer? If you’re stuck under a asshole, that means you’re suffering and you should get out – it’s that simple.

The second question is, if you must endure, are you going to fight or are you just going to take it? If you’re going to fight, you need a plan and a posse, you need to collect your evidence, and then you have to take your chances.

Try to have as little contact as possible with assholes.

One of the simplest, but admittedly hardest, things is learning not to give a shit – which takes the wind out of an asshole’s sails. When an asshole’s being nasty to you, ignore him.

Think about how a year from now he won’t be in your life, but he’ll still be the asshole he always was.

What if you’ve got an asshole as a peer or a colleague? Your chances of getting rid of them are higher because you have more power.

I’m in academia, which means there’re lots of assholes we can’t fire. But we can absolutely freeze them out. Don’t  invite them to events or gatherings. We can shun them politely and smile at them as necessary, but other than that we just ignore them. That’s how we deal with assholes.

But there’re some situations in which you may have to be an asshole to survive because you’ve got no choice but to push back against them. This isn’t ideal, but if that’s what you have to do, then that’s what you do.

If somebody has a history of hurting you, and they have a Machiavellian personality, the only thing they’ll understand is a display of force. The best way to protect yourself is firing back with everything you’ve got.

Some people deserve and need to be treated badly. Sometimes you have to speak in the only language they understand, and that means  getting your hands dirty.

We know that assholes have a corrosive effect on the people around them. There’re studies demonstrating that people working for assholes for many years end up being more depressed, more anxious, and less healthy. So there’s compelling evidence that assholes are terrible humans doing harm to other people.

What else is there to say? If you’re an asshole, you’re a failure as a human because you promote unnecessary suffering.